K-MINE’s stope optimization software enhances underground mine planning by integrating geological, economic, and operational factors to create the most profitable and technically feasible stope layouts.

This webinar explores different stope boundary optimization algorithms, including Floating Stope, MVN, Sames & Topal, and Synak & Topal, comparing their strengths, limitations, and practical applications in underground mining operations.

Video transcription

Introduction
Welcome to our webinar on stope optimization technologies. Today, we will explore different approaches to stope boundary optimization and demonstrate how K-MINE enhances the process for underground mining operations.

Overview of Stope Optimization in Underground Mining

As mining operations move deeper, efficient underground mine planning becomes critical. Stope boundary optimization plays a key role in maximizing ore recovery while maintaining geomechanical stability. Poorly optimized stopes lead to excessive dilution, increased processing costs, and production inefficiencies.

Stope Optimization Algorithms: A Comparative Analysis

Several stope optimization techniques have been developed, each with its own strengths and limitations.

Floating Stope Algorithm

Identifies the most economically beneficial stope positions.
Uses an inner envelope (high-grade ore) and an outer envelope (maximum possible stope size).
Limitations: Does not consider geomechanical constraints, leading to potential overlapping stopes and the need for manual adjustments.

Maximum Value Neighborhood (MVN) Algorithm

Uses a fixed 3D block model to determine the most profitable stope boundary.
Prevents overlapping stopes by selecting the best combination of adjacent blocks.
Limitations: Results vary depending on the starting point of the analysis and do not account for stope shape or size constraints.

Sames & Topal Approach

Converts the deposit model into a standardized block model before optimizing stopes.
Eliminates overlapping stopes, making it more precise than the Floating Stope Algorithm.
Limitations: Selection is based on descending economic value rather than a global optimization approach, which may prevent the best stope combinations.

Synak & Topal Method

Uses step-by-step analysis to generate optimized stope layouts.
Considers economic, geotechnical, and operational constraints, making it the most comprehensive method.
Limitations: Requires high computational power, which can slow down processing for large-scale deposits.

Integrating Geological & Economic Factors in Stope Optimization

For successful stope design, it is essential to integrate both geological properties and economic parameters.

Cut-off Grade Analysis

Determines which blocks are economically viable for extraction.
Flexible cut-off grades allow dynamic adjustments based on ore grade distribution, reducing dilution and maximizing profitability.

Geomechanical Stability Analysis

Uses methods such as the Mathews Stability Graph and Barton Limit Span Theory to assess stope wall stability.
Identifies high-risk zones that may require additional ground support.

Numerical Modeling for Stress Distribution

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Finite Difference Methods (FDM) simulate stress distribution and predict deformation patterns.
Helps determine the optimal stope layout to minimize failure risks.

Minimizing Dilution with ELAS (Equivalent Linear Overbreak Slough) Method

Quantifies expected overbreak and adjusts stope boundaries accordingly.
Research shows up to 15 percent reduction in unwanted waste extraction, improving processing efficiency.

Stope Optimization & Mine Planning Integration

Long-Term Planning Considerations

Defines stope sequencing over the mine’s lifespan.
Determines whether high-grade stopes should be mined first for early cash flow benefits.

Short-Term Scheduling & Access Development

Ensures stopes are extracted in sync with infrastructure development (access drifts, haul roads, ventilation).
Prevents bottlenecks that could delay production.

Material Handling & Transportation Efficiency

Stopes are strategically placed to reduce haulage distances and improve ore transport efficiency.
Backfilling strategies are considered to support adjacent stopes and maintain geotechnical stability.

Final Thoughts: The Future of Stope Optimization

Modern underground mining software like K-MINE streamlines stope design, economic evaluation, and mine planning integration. By leveraging advanced algorithms, real-time data updates, and structured optimization techniques, mining companies can:

Maximize ore recovery while reducing dilution.
Optimize stope sequencing for higher profitability.
Improve geotechnical stability with advanced stress analysis.
Ensure seamless mine planning integration for operational efficiency.

Webinar: Stope Optimization Technologies – Modern Tools & Algorithms